St. Maarten

Origin

The Dutch were the first to colonize Sint Maarten in 1631, but within 2 years the Spanish invaded and evacuated the settlers. The Dutch failed in an attempt to regain the island in 1644, but 4 years later the Spanish abandoned the island of their own accord. In 1648 the island was divided between the Dutch and the French; however, complete control of the island was seized numerous times in a series of conflicts. The British became involved as well, taking power for 6-year and 10-year stints. Finally, in 1817, the current partition line between Dutch and French was established. The island flourished under a slave-based plantation economy and the exportation of salt until abolition of slavery in 1863.


Constitution

Type: Parliamentary. Independence: Part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Constitution: December 1954, Statute of the Realm of the Netherlands, as amended. Branches: Executive--monarch represented by a governor-general (chief of state), prime minister (head of government), Cabinet. Legislative--unicameral parliament. Judicial--Joint High Court of Justice appointed by the monarch. Subdivisions are by island: Saba, Sint Eustatius, Sint Maarten, Bonaire, Curacao. Political parties: Antillean Restructuring Party (PAR), C 93, Democratic Party of Bonaire (PDB), Democratic Party of Curacao (DP), Democratic Party of Sint Eustatius (DP-St. E), Democratic Party of Sint Maarten (DP-St. M), Labor Party People's Crusade (PLKP), National People's Party (PNP), New Antilles Movement (MAN), Patriotic Union of Bonaire (UPB), National Progressive Party (NPP), Saba United Democratic Party, Saba Labor Party, St. Eustatius Alliance (SEA), Windward Islands People's Movement (WIPM), Workers' Liberation Front (FOL), Democratic Party Statia, St. Eustatius Action Movement, Progressive Labor Party Statia, ORDU, People's Progressive Alliance (PPA), Forsa Korsou, Patriotic Movement Curacao (MPK), and others. Suffrage: Universal at 18.


Government

A governor appointed by the Dutch government and a council of ministers that's vested with the exexutive branch of power.


General History

This is a small tropical island of 37 square miles that belongs to the Netherlands Antilles. It's located in the southernmost tip of the arch and divided in two different territories: St. Marteen in the Dutch side of the island and St. Martin on the French side. As time has rolled on, both regions have paid tribute to their own cultural legacy and the strong influence these two nations have exerted on their traditions. The borderline between these two islands is imaginary since travelers can move freely back and forth. The main road for drivers is marked by a simple milestone or obelisk built to celebrate the 300 years of the aforesaid division in 1648. St. Marteen guarantees a peerless experience packed with adventures and a variety of choices. All this caught in an ambience that combines Caribbean and European hospitality. Blessed with an incredible tourist infrastructure and superb service in its hotels, restaurants, bars, casinos and other spots, you'll get a chance to come closer to the island nation's own history. In the capital Philipsburg, travelers can swing by Fort Willem, the Palace of Justice and the Botanical Garden. There are also great beaches with breathtaking surroundings like Grand Beach by the Bay; Dawn Beach north of the city; Guana Beach; Simpson Bay east of the island; Cupecoy and many other that stand for ideal locations for the practice of any kind of sport, especially nautical activities. For enthusiasts of ecological adventures, there are scheduled hikes down the trails of Loterie Farm on the French side right at the base of Paradise Mount, the highest peak on the island. Golfers, instead, can stick around in Mullet Bay. From Philipsburg, you can make out huge cruises docking in the calm and gorgeous Caribbean waters. By and large, St. Marteen is a magnificent paradise for those seeking a different kind of vacation time in which the combination of culture, games and fun in its warm waters is what really counts.